Birlesik Krallik’in hem yuzolcumu hem
de nufus olarak en buyuk bolumu. Shakespeare, Beatles, Big Ben, London Tower, Cambridge
ve Oxford Universiteleri…
Kuzeyinde Iskocya ve Kuzey Denizi,
dogusunda Kuzey Denizi, guneyinde Ingiliz Kanali ve batisinda Galle rile Celtic
Denizi yer alir.
Fransa ile arasinda bulunan Mans
Tuneli iki ulkeyi birbirine baglar.
50,000 yil oncesine ait yasam izleri
bulunmus. 1. yuzyilda Roma isgaline ugramadan once Keltler’in ulkesiymis. 5. ve
6. yuzyillarda Cermen kokenli olup buraya gocen Anglikler, Keltleri adanin
kuzeyine ve batisina goc etmek zorunda birakmislar. 8. yuzyilda Hiristiyanligi
Kabul etmisler. 10. yuzyildan bu yana tek devlet halinde gelmisler.
Baskenti Londra (nufus : 10.3 milyon),
resmi dili Ingilizce, ulke nufusu 55.3 milyondur.
Londra
Nufusun; % 87’si beyazlar, % 4’u
Asya’lilar, % 3’u siyahlar, % 2’si melezler ve % 4’u diger kokenlere sahiptir.
Ayrica; 14,000 Iran’li, 14,000 Eritre’li, 10,000 Afgan, 9,000 Zimbabve’li,
8,000 Suriye’li 7,000 Sudan’li, 7,000 Pakistan’li, 6,000 Somali’li ve 6,000 Sri
Lanka’li gocmen barindirir.
Parlamenter monarsik system ile
yonetilir. Kisi basina milli gelir US$ 43,600 civarinda olup, para birimi
Sterlin’dir. (1 St = 1.37 US$)
Tuketim urunleri, yakit, kimyasal,
gida, icki ve tutun ihrac edip, makine ithal eder.
Yenilenebilir enerji uretiminde Dunya
9.su, rafine petrol ithalatinda Dunya 7.si, Dogal gaz tuketiminde Dunya 7.si,
Dogal gaz ithalatinda Dunya 8.si, sabit telefon kullaniminda Dunya 8.sidir.
Ayrica; Dunya’da Rekabet endeksinde
8., Finansal gelisim endeksinde 3., Ekonomik ozgurluk endeksinde 8., Nerede
yasamak istersin endeksinde 7., Elektronik gelisim endeksinde 5. siradadir.
Londra
Din olarak; % 60’i Hiristiyan, % 26’si
dinsiz, % 4’u Musluman, % 1’i Hindu, % 9’u diger dinlerin mensubudur.
Ortalama insan omru 81 yildir.
Airbus, AON, Austin, Aviva, BBC,
Benson & Hedges, Bentley, The Body Shop, British Airways, Burberry,
Castrol, Daimler, Dunlop, Durex, Easy Jet, Hotpoint, HSBC, Jaguar, Land Rover, Marks
& Spencer, Lotus, Lux, MG, Mini, Rolls-Royce, Rover, Tesco, TUI, Agent
Provocateur, BP, JCB, Lee Cooper, Slazenger, Vauxhall, Vox, Aston Martin, BMC,
Leyland, McLaren, Morgan, Morris, Speedo Ingiliz markalaridir.
Londra
Robin Hood, Arabistan’li Lawrence, Karindesen
Jack,
Mankenler; Twiggy, Naomi Campbell,
Yazarlar; Shakespeare, Charles
Dickens, JRR Tolkien, Oscar Wilde, George Orwell, Francis Bacon, Salman Rushdie
(Hint asilli), Barbara Cartland, Bertrand Russell, Virginia Woolf, Agatha
Christie, Ian Fleming,
Fizikciler; Michael Faraday, Isaac
Newton, Stephen Hawking, Kaptan James Cook,
Biyolojistler; Charles Darwin, Alexander
Fleming, Hemsire Florence Nightingale,
Ekonomist John Keynes,
Sinema oyunculari; Charlie Chaplin,
Michael Caine, Julie Andrews, Orlando Bloom, Keira Knightley, Gary Oldman, Ben
Kingslaey, Daniel Craig, Emma Thompson, Kate Beckinsale, Kate Winslet, Helena
Bonham Carter, Joan Collins, Rachel Weisz, Albert Finney, Clive Owen, Roger
Moore, Audrey Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor, Jeremy Irons, Hugh Grant, Colin Firth,
Jason Statham, Daniel Day-Lewis, Jude Law, Helen Mirren, Judi Dench, Vivien
Leigh, Cary Grant, Peter Sellers, Laurence Olivier, Richard Burton, Richard
Widmark, Emily Watson, Idris Elba (Sierra Leone asilli), Timothy Dalton, Ralph
Fiennes, Vanessa Redgrave, David Niven, Deborah Kerr, Benny Hill, Anthony
Hopkins, Dev Patel (Hint asilli), Peter O’Toole, Benedict Cumberbatch, Joseph
Fiennes, Naomi Watts, Bob Hoskins,
Yonetmenler; Alfred Hitchcock, Peter
Ustinov (Rus asilli), John Schlesinger, Ridley Scott,
Muzisyenler; John Lennon, Cliff
Richard, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Elton John, Sting, David Bowie, Phil
Collins, George Michael, Robbie Williams, The Rolling Stones, Pink Floyd, Black
Sabbath, Led Zeppelin, The Sex Pistols, Queen, Ringo Starr, Andrew Lloyd
Webber, Eric Clapton, Cat Stevens, Mick Jagger, Engelbert Humperdinck, Amy
Winehouse, Sade (Nijerya asilli), Jon Lord, Shirley Bassey, Olivia Newton-John,
Peter Gabriel, David Coverdale, Ian Anderson, David Gilmour, Alan Parson’s
Project,
Futbolcular;
West Ham’li Bobby Moore, Geoff
Hurst,
Manchester United’li David Beckham, Wayne Rooney, Dennis Viollet, Duncan
Edwards, Bobby Charlton, Brian Robson, Paul Scholes, Gary Neville, Rio
Ferdinand, Brian Birch (bir donem Galatasaray’da ve Ankaragucu’nde Teknik
direktorluk yapti), Tottenham’li Harry Kane, Alf Ramsey, Jimmy Greaves, Glenn
Hoddle, Paul Gascoigne, Jermain Defoe, Chelsea’li Frank Lampard, Ray Wilkins, Ashley
Cole, John Terry, Gary Cahill,
Leicester’li Gary Lineker, Gordon Banks, Peter
Shilton,
Liverpool’lu Steven Gerrard, Kevin Keegan, John Barnes, David James,
Jamie Carragher, Michael Owen, Glen Johnson, Gordon Milne (bir donem Besiktas,
Bursa ve Trabzon’da Teknik direktorluk yapti),
Newcastle’li Alan Shearer,
Wolverhampton’lu
Tom Finney, Billy Wright,
Derby County’li Steve Bloomer,
Everton’lu Dixie Dean,
Blackpool’lu Stanley Matthews,
Fulham’li Bobby Robson,
Arsenal’li Kenny Sansom,
Ipswich’li Terry Butcher,
Nottingham Forest’li Stuart Pearce,
Crewe
Alexandra’li David Platt,
Manchester City’li Joe Hart,
Besiktas’li Les Ferdinand,
Alan Walsh,
Fenerbahce’li Dalian Atkinson,
Trabzonspor’lu Kevin Campbell
Ingilizdir.
NASIL GIDILIR ?
Londra’da 3 ayri havalimanina direct
ucuslar var. THY, Pegasus, AtlasGlobal ve British Airways ile 4 saat civarinda
surer.
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Istanbul/London,+UK/@45.9194177,5.4366705,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x14caa7040068086b:0xe1ccfe98bc01b0d0!2m2!1d28.9783589!2d41.0082376!1m5!1m1!1s0x47d8a00baf21de75:0x52963a5addd52a99!2m2!1d-0.1277583!2d51.5073509!3e4?hl=en
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Istanbul/London,+UK/@45.9194177,5.4366705,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x14caa7040068086b:0xe1ccfe98bc01b0d0!2m2!1d28.9783589!2d41.0082376!1m5!1m1!1s0x47d8a00baf21de75:0x52963a5addd52a99!2m2!1d-0.1277583!2d51.5073509!3e4?hl=en
Heatrow’dan merkeze Heatrow Express
var; pahali ama hizli. Ayrica daha ucuza otobus ile ulasim da mumkun.
NEREDE KALINIR ?
Tottenham Court Road, Trafalgar
Meydani, Green Park ve Marble Arch arasinda kalan bolge ideal.
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Tottenham+Court+Rd,+London,+UK/Trafalgar+Square,+London,+UK/Green+Park,+London,+UK/Marble+Arch,+London,+UK/@51.5110461,-0.1606677,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m26!4m25!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761b2ea4ac3537:0x480fff266cb7e45f!2m2!1d-0.1338305!2d51.5201319!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604ce3c19d8d5:0x31b9e5e8cba2021b!2m2!1d-0.128069!2d51.508039!1m5!1m1!1s0x4876052881ff2bd9:0xdb5ab148cad5f1a3!2m2!1d-0.1438567!2d51.5039038!1m5!1m1!1s0x487605335e2cf18d:0x76e5bc6d6a43c8d8!2m2!1d-0.1589148!2d51.5131099!3e2?hl=en
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Tottenham+Court+Rd,+London,+UK/Trafalgar+Square,+London,+UK/Green+Park,+London,+UK/Marble+Arch,+London,+UK/@51.5110461,-0.1606677,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m26!4m25!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761b2ea4ac3537:0x480fff266cb7e45f!2m2!1d-0.1338305!2d51.5201319!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604ce3c19d8d5:0x31b9e5e8cba2021b!2m2!1d-0.128069!2d51.508039!1m5!1m1!1s0x4876052881ff2bd9:0xdb5ab148cad5f1a3!2m2!1d-0.1438567!2d51.5039038!1m5!1m1!1s0x487605335e2cf18d:0x76e5bc6d6a43c8d8!2m2!1d-0.1589148!2d51.5131099!3e2?hl=en
NERELERE GIDILIR ?
Londra ; baskent. Yeterince zamaniniz var mi ? Oyle 3-5 gunde gezilip bitirilecek bir kent degil.
London
Eye; merkezde, Thames nehrinin guney sahilinde, 135 metre yuksekligi ile
Dunya’nin en buyuk donme dolaplarindan biri. 2000 yilinda acilmis, harika
Londra manzarasi var, ama kuyruk cok uzun ve pek de ucuz degil
London Eye
British
Museum ; merkezde, 1753 yilinda acilmis, ulkenin en zengin tarih, sanat ve
kultur muzesi. 8 milyondan fazla koleksiyon sergileniyor. 75,000 m2 alan
kapsiyor, yilda 6 milyon civarinda ziyaretcisi var.
London
Tower ; merkezden 4 kM doguda nehir kenarinda, 1285 yilinda insa edilmis
kraliyet sarayi ve kuleleri. Yilda 3 milyona yakin ziyaretcisi var.
London Tower
Tower
Bridge ; merkezden 4 kM doguda Thames nehri uzerinde 1894 yilinda insa edilmis baskul
ve asma kopru. Londra’nin sembolu. Yaya olarak yurumek mumkun.
Tower Bridge
National
Gallery ; merkezde, 1824 yilinda insa edilmis, 13-20 yuzyillar arasina ait
2,300 civarinda tablo sergileniyor. Yilda 5 milyondan fazla ziyaretcisi var.
Tabiat
Tarihi muzesi ; merkezden 4 kM batida, 1881 yilinda acilmis, botanik, entomoloji,
mineraloji, paleontoloji ve zooloji bilimlerine ait 80 milyon parca
sergileniyor. Yilda 4 milyondan fazla ziyaretcisi var.
Tabiat Tarihi muzesi
Big
Ben ; merkezde, diger ismi Elizabeth kulesi. 1859 yilinda insa edilmis saat
kulesi. Londra’nin bir diger sembolu. Yuksekli 96 metre.
Big Ben
Victoria
& Albert Muzesi ; merkezden 6 kM batida, 1852 yilinda acilmis, Dunya’nin en
buyuk dekoratif sanatlar ve tasarim muzesi. 2.3 milyon obje sergileniyor, yilda
4 milyona yakin insan ziyaret ediyor.
Buckingham
Sarayi ; merkezde, ulkenin monarsik yonetim merkezi. 1850 yilinda insa edilmis.
Belli saatlerde nobetci degisim torenleri yapiliyor. Ilginc.
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/London+Eye,+London,+UK/British+Museum,+Great+Russell+Street,+London,+UK/Tower+of+London,+London,+UK/Marble+Arch,+London,+UK/Tower+Bridge,+Tower+Bridge+Road,+London,+UK/National+Gallery,+Trafalgar+Square,+London,+UK/Natural+History+Museum,+Cromwell+Road,+London,+UK/Big+Ben,+London,+UK/Victoria+and+Albert+Museum,+Cromwell+Road,+London,+UK/Buckingham+Palace,+London,+UK/@51.5076653,-0.1608814,13z/data=!3m2!4b1!5s0x4876055d2a7da3ef:0xf1f051391800f80!4m62!4m61!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604b900d26973:0x4291f3172409ea92!2m2!1d-0.119543!2d51.503324!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761b323093d307:0x2fb199016d5642a7!2m2!1d-0.1269566!2d51.5194133!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760349331f38dd:0xa8bf49dde1d56467!2m2!1d-0.0759493!2d51.5081124!1m5!1m1!1s0x487605335e2cf18d:0x76e5bc6d6a43c8d8!2m2!1d-0.1589148!2d51.5131099!1m5!1m1!1s0x487603438b65db49:0x9e78421a085a6f2d!2m2!1d-0.0753565!2d51.5054564!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604ce176ac979:0x42af85654e23a0b4!2m2!1d-0.128299!2d51.508929!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760542e6182f3f:0x7bb7e385c39764c4!2m2!1d-0.1763672!2d51.496715!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604c38c8cd1d9:0xb78f2474b9a45aa9!2m2!1d-0.1246254!2d51.5007292!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760543b17e57c3:0x9eb7094dfdcd651f!2m2!1d-0.17218!2d51.4966392!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760520cd5b5eb5:0xa26abf514d902a7!2m2!1d-0.14189!2d51.501364!3e2?hl=en
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/London+Eye,+London,+UK/British+Museum,+Great+Russell+Street,+London,+UK/Tower+of+London,+London,+UK/Marble+Arch,+London,+UK/Tower+Bridge,+Tower+Bridge+Road,+London,+UK/National+Gallery,+Trafalgar+Square,+London,+UK/Natural+History+Museum,+Cromwell+Road,+London,+UK/Big+Ben,+London,+UK/Victoria+and+Albert+Museum,+Cromwell+Road,+London,+UK/Buckingham+Palace,+London,+UK/@51.5076653,-0.1608814,13z/data=!3m2!4b1!5s0x4876055d2a7da3ef:0xf1f051391800f80!4m62!4m61!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604b900d26973:0x4291f3172409ea92!2m2!1d-0.119543!2d51.503324!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761b323093d307:0x2fb199016d5642a7!2m2!1d-0.1269566!2d51.5194133!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760349331f38dd:0xa8bf49dde1d56467!2m2!1d-0.0759493!2d51.5081124!1m5!1m1!1s0x487605335e2cf18d:0x76e5bc6d6a43c8d8!2m2!1d-0.1589148!2d51.5131099!1m5!1m1!1s0x487603438b65db49:0x9e78421a085a6f2d!2m2!1d-0.0753565!2d51.5054564!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604ce176ac979:0x42af85654e23a0b4!2m2!1d-0.128299!2d51.508929!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760542e6182f3f:0x7bb7e385c39764c4!2m2!1d-0.1763672!2d51.496715!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604c38c8cd1d9:0xb78f2474b9a45aa9!2m2!1d-0.1246254!2d51.5007292!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760543b17e57c3:0x9eb7094dfdcd651f!2m2!1d-0.17218!2d51.4966392!1m5!1m1!1s0x48760520cd5b5eb5:0xa26abf514d902a7!2m2!1d-0.14189!2d51.501364!3e2?hl=en
Camden
Market ; merkezden 5 kM kuzeyde, Camden Town’da perakende marketi. 20.yuzyilin
basinda acilmis. Giyim-kusam, dekoratif ev esyalari, el yapimi urunler, vb.
Yillik ziyaretci sayisi 13 milyon civarinda.
Camden Market
Westminster
Abbey ; merkezde, 960 yilindan kalma katolik kilisesi. Kuleler 18.yuzyilda
eklenmis. St. Peter kilisesi adiyla da biliniyor. Kraliyet ailesine ait
mezarlar da bulunuyor.
Covent
Garden ; merkezde. Meyve, sebze marketi olarak insa edilmis. Bugun cok popular bir
alisveris ve turist merkezi. Restoranlar, cafeler mevcut.
Churchill
Savas Odalari ; merkezde, 1984 yilinda acilmis savas muzesi. Agirlik 2.Dunya
savasinda…
Hyde
Park ; merkezden 3 kM batida, 1637 yilinda acilmis, 140 hektarlik Londra’nin en
buyuk yesil alanlarindan biri. 19.yuzyildan beri parkin icinde konusmaci kosesi
var ve protestocular burada ozgurce fikirlerini ifade ediyorlar. Parkta; Pink
Floyd, Rolling Stones, Queen gibi gruplarin konserleri duzenlenmis.
St.
James parki ; merkezde, 1603 yilinda acilmis daha kucuk bir park. Sincaplara
dikkat !
Tiyatrolar; merkezde, Broadway'den farksiz, 90 yildir oynayan oyunlar var. Biraz pahali ama bazi oyunlar icin daha ucuza son dakika biletleri satiliyor.
Tiyatrolar
Oxford caddesi; merkezde, yaklasik 2 kM uzunlugunda alisveris caddesi. 300 civarinda magaza yilda 150 milyondan fazla insani karsiliyor.
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Camden+Market,+Camden+Lock+Place,+London,+UK/Westminster+Abbey,+Deans+Yd,+London,+UK/Covent+Garden,+London,+UK/Churchill+War+Rooms,+King+Charles+Street,+London,+UK/Hyde+Park,+London,+UK/St+James's+Park,+London,+UK/Oxford+St,+London,+UK/@51.5204496,-0.1799065,13z/data=!3m2!4b1!5s0x4876055d2a7da3ef:0xf1f051391800f80!4m44!4m43!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761ae41244f149:0x47659eff1785ef08!2m2!1d-0.1457108!2d51.5415108!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604c4ba43352f:0xda8effa2059b537a!2m2!1d-0.1273097!2d51.4992921!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604cb878e81b3:0x91f10fa364452046!2m2!1d-0.1240436!2d51.5116571!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604dad55789ab:0xcd8d10d8b2cf95e4!2m2!1d-0.1293572!2d51.5021585!1m5!1m1!1s0x4876054929181a85:0xd1af6c4f49b4bd0c!2m2!1d-0.1657303!2d51.5072682!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604dac0b1e01b:0xff55707680ba1d5f!2m2!1d-0.1348109!2d51.5024597!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761ad554c335c1:0xda2164b934c67c1a!2m2!1d-0.1448236!2d51.5149226!3e2?hl=en
https://www.google.com.tr/maps/dir/Camden+Market,+Camden+Lock+Place,+London,+UK/Westminster+Abbey,+Deans+Yd,+London,+UK/Covent+Garden,+London,+UK/Churchill+War+Rooms,+King+Charles+Street,+London,+UK/Hyde+Park,+London,+UK/St+James's+Park,+London,+UK/Oxford+St,+London,+UK/@51.5204496,-0.1799065,13z/data=!3m2!4b1!5s0x4876055d2a7da3ef:0xf1f051391800f80!4m44!4m43!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761ae41244f149:0x47659eff1785ef08!2m2!1d-0.1457108!2d51.5415108!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604c4ba43352f:0xda8effa2059b537a!2m2!1d-0.1273097!2d51.4992921!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604cb878e81b3:0x91f10fa364452046!2m2!1d-0.1240436!2d51.5116571!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604dad55789ab:0xcd8d10d8b2cf95e4!2m2!1d-0.1293572!2d51.5021585!1m5!1m1!1s0x4876054929181a85:0xd1af6c4f49b4bd0c!2m2!1d-0.1657303!2d51.5072682!1m5!1m1!1s0x487604dac0b1e01b:0xff55707680ba1d5f!2m2!1d-0.1348109!2d51.5024597!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761ad554c335c1:0xda2164b934c67c1a!2m2!1d-0.1448236!2d51.5149226!3e2?hl=en
Oxford caddesi
NE ZAMAN GIDILIR ?
Temmuz
– Agustos aylari ideal. En azindan yagmur ihtimali daha dusuk.
NE YENIR ?
Cok zengin bir mutfagi oldugu soylenemez.
Barbeku et, fish & chips, sosis, jambon, mantar, fasulye, tost, pudding,
cay, dana kizartma, hindi, patates, lahana, Hint yemekleri, yahni, patates.
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